News from Tajikistan, Sweden and Italy
Tuesday's World Events — Posted on September 27, 2011
TAJIKISTAN – Militant Islamist group threatens Tajikistan
With NATO forces gradually withdrawing from neighboring Afghanistan, Central Asian leaders are increasingly concerned that militant groups linked to the Taliban will move north through Tajikistan to attack and destabilize the region.
The group calling itself Jamaat Ansarullah released a threat against government forces and non-believers in a 15-minute video of a bearded man wearing Afghan-style clothes and speaking in Tajik earlier this month but local media only reported it on [Sept. 16].
“Those people who pray and fast but are advocates of democracy are non-believers,” the man is quoted as saying by local media.
Jamaat Ansarullah, which means Society of the Companions of Allah, claimed responsibility for a suicide bomb attack on a police station in the north of the country in September last year that killed at least two people. …
This is the second Islamist threat against Tajikistan this year. In April a different group released a statement with a similar message. The government has been fighting a growing insurgency for the past year but analysts have said has not managed to stem fighting.
In a report in May, the Brussels-based think tank International Crisis Group said that global jihadists were moving into Tajikistan. The report stated: “Limited infiltration of armed guerrillas from Afghanistan has been taking place for several years. A small number of fighters from the North Caucasus have also been active in Tajikistan in recent years.”
Tajikistan is perhaps the poorest of the former Soviet states. It is mountainous with little mineral resources and about half of its annual income comes from Tajik men working mainly on building sites in Russia. It is also one of the main routes for drugs coming out of Afghanistan on to Russia and then Europe. …
SWEDEN – Swedish cartoonist target of foiled attack
Swedish cartoonist Lars Vilks
A Swedish cartoonist who has received death threats for depicting the Prophet Mohammed as a dog was the target of a planned attack in Gothenburg earlier this month, according to reports.
The daily Metro said it had obtained classified documents that showed the prosecutor believes three men [originally from Somalia and Iraq] arrested on September 10 had planned to kill cartoonist Lars Vilks. The Swedish prosecutor’s office refused to comment on the report.
An elite counter-terrorism unit arrested four people in Gothenburg and shortly afterward evacuated hundreds of people from a building hosting an art fair “after concluding that there was a threat that could endanger lives or health or cause serious damage.”
Vilks had initially said on his blog that he would attend the art fair though he did not in the end.
One of the suspects had bought a pocketknife to be used in the attack, and one of the men had asked for Vilks at the art fair, according to Metro.
Vilks told Swedish news agency TT he had been unaware of that information, but said he had cancelled an forthcoming appearance at the Gothenburg book fair on Friday. “I heard that information on TV this morning. I have not received that information personally,” he said.
Police initially said the four were suspected of plotting a terrorist attack, but when the prosecutor asked the court to remand them in custody it was on suspicion of planning a murder.
The court remanded three of the men in custody, and released the fourth. They have yet to be charged. Three are Swedish citizens [believed to be from Somalia] while another holds a Swedish residency permit. …
Vilks has faced numerous death threats and a suspected assassination plot since his cartoon was first published by a Swedish regional newspaper in 2007, illustrating an editorial on the importance of freedom of expression.
ITALY – Italy riot police clash with refugees after Lampedusa centre is burned down
LAMPEDUSA – Eleven people have been injured after Tunisian [migrants] clashed with riot police on the Italian island of Lampedusa after hundreds of Tunisian protesters burned the [migrant] center down.
The devastating fire started on Tuesday night [Sept. 20] when the [illegal immigrants], protesting against their immediate repatriation, allegedly set fire to their bed mattresses. The blaze reduced much of the…center to a smoking ruin.
On Wednesday violence broke out between riot police and refugees on the island. Three Italian Carabinieri [military police], a policeman and seven Tunisians have been injured.
The fire dealt a heavy blow to Italy’s ability to deal with a continuing flood of refugees from North Africa in the wake of the popular revolts in Tunisia and Egypt and the civil war in Libya. More than 48,000 have reached the shores of southern Italy since the start of the year.
Many of the 1,200 migrants held in the center fled when three fires broke out late on Tuesday. As police stationed on the island rounded them up, the fires blazed out of control and destroyed three buildings in the complex.
The fires were allegedly lit deliberately by Tunisians protesting against their imminent return home, having been ruled to be economic migrants rather than bona fide asylum seekers.
Bernardino De Rubeis, the outspoken mayor of the island, said he had been warning the government in Rome for days that tensions among the migrants were increasing to breaking point. “In the past few days I raised the alarm more than once. Enough is now enough,” he said, calling for Silvio Berlusconi, the prime minister, to call an emergency cabinet meeting to discuss the crisis. …
The mayor demanded that Italian navy ships be sent to the island “immediately” in order to transfer the migrants to camps in Sicily and the mainland. He [also] said police and paramilitary Carabinieri officers should have responded to the arson much more forcefully.
“We can’t understand why police and Carabinieri go in hard against fans in football fans – their own compatriots – while on Lampedusa it’s completely different. We need a strong hand on the island too. People are tired of all this, they want to get back to living in peace.” …
(The news briefs above are from wire reports and staff reports posted at Telegraph.co.uk on Sept. 19th and 21st.)
Questions
1. For each of the 3 countries, give the following information:
a) location/the countries that share its borders
b) the religious breakdown of the population
c) the type of government
d) the chief of state (and head of government if different) [If monarch or dictator, since what date has he/she ruled? - include name of heir apparent for monarch]
e) the population
[Find the answers at the CIA World FactBook website. For each country, answers can be found under the "Geography" "People" and "Government" headings. Go to worldatlas.com for a list of continents.]
2. For Tajikistan:
a) list the who, what, where and when of the news item
b) Ninety percent of the citizens of Tajikistan are Muslims. Why is the terrorist group Jamaat Ansarullah committing terrorist acts in this country? (see "Background" below the questions)
3. For Sweden:
a) list the who, what, where and when of the news item
b) When did Lars Vilks draw the cartoon of Mohammed?
c) When do you think the attempts on Mr. Vilks' life will stop?
4. For Italy:
a) list the who, what, where and when of the news item
b) What is the population of Lampedusa?
c) How many migrants from Tunisia and Libya have arrived in Lampedusa this year since the beginning of the Arab revolts?
d) Asylum is defined as: "protection or safety, especially that given by a government to foreigners who have been forced to leave their own countries because of religious or political persecution." The majority of Tunisians are protesting against the news that they will be sent home. Why isn't the Italian government giving them asylum?
e) Consider the population of Lampedusa and the number of migrants who have come there this year. Consider the plight of the men who are desperate enough to burn down the only shelter they have. Which authority do you think should bear the responsibility for helping/returning the Tunisians to Europe or to Tunisia: the mayor of Lampedusa, the Prime Minister and/or President of Italy, or the European Union as a whole? Explain your answer.
Background
TAJIKISTAN:
- Media outlets noted that in the video message [the jihadists] urged Muslims participate in Jihad against anti-Islamic regime of the country. [NOTE: The president of the country is a Sunni Muslim.]
- It is reported in the video that currently the [jihadists] of Jamaat Ansarullah are on the territory of Tajikistan and ready to act.
- "Those who read do prayer, fasting, but are advocates of democracy, they are still non-believers," said [the terrorist spokesman] in the video, urging Muslims to support them, saying that "Allah by our hands today is killing the unbelievers and by this way blessing us."
- The [terrorist spokesman] also said that their call for armed struggle is not emotional or inter-ethnic strife, and not a struggle for power. According to them, they intend to achieve to establish Sharia law in Tajikistan.
- "Democratic laws contradict religious laws," said the [man]. (from kavkaz.org.uk)
SWEDEN: Previous attempt on Lars Vilks' life
- In March 2010, seven Muslims were arrested in Ireland over an alleged plot to kill Lars Vilks, the cartoonist who depicted the prophet Mohammed with the body of a dog.
- Al Qaeda put a $100,000 price on Lars Vilks' head after his cartoon was published in a newspaper in 2007.
- When the bounty was offered on the cartoonist's head, an extra 50% was offered if he was "slaughtered like a lamb."
- Some $50,000 was also put up for the murder of the editor of Nerikes Allehanda, the newspaper that printed the cartoon.
- At the time the pictures were published protests were sparked all over the world, including in the Swedish town of Orebro, where the paper is based.
- The Swedish prime minister was even forced to hold talks with ambassadors from 22 Muslim countries to ease tensions over the drawings.
ITALY:
- A Mediterranean island closer to Africa than the Italian mainland, Lampedusa has been overwhelmed this past spring by thousands of Tunisians fleeing unrest during the social upheaval at home.
- Tensions flared occasionally, particularly when the holding center became overcrowded.
- The center is designed to hold about 850 people but it now holds up to 1,300.
- Some 26,000 Tunisians and 28,000 people of other nationalities from Libya have arrived in Lampedusa this year since the beginning of the Arab revolts.
- Italy has been sending the bulk of the Tunisians home if they don't qualify for political asylum, but residents on the island have complained they are being overwhelmed with migrants and are bearing the entire EU's immigration burden alone. (from a Sept. 22 follow-up article published at the Daily Telegraph)
Lampedusa is an island located in the Pelagie group of Islands in Sicily in Italy. The island is the largest one in the group of islands and is the southernmost island in Sicily; it is situated in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea. The island is only [2 miles] wide and is [7.4 miles] long. Lampedusa has a very vibrant culture and a historic past since over the centuries it had been inhabited by quite a lot of different nationalities and tribes including the Romans, Arabs and Greeks. (from lifeinitaly.com/tourism/sicily/lampedusa)