Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orban
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HUNGARY – Hungarian prime minister demands EU round up migrants
(London’s Daily Telegraph) – Hungary’s prime minister has called for the EU to round up illegal immigrants and deport them to guarded camps on an island or North Africa.
The comments are likely to further inflame tensions with most other EU governments who say Budapest’s hard line on migration flouts both international law and fundamental European values. [Some of the migrants are refugees from Syria; others are just economic migrants.]
Viktor Orban made the comments as he lashed out at German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s refugee policy allowing millions of refugees to flood Europe, saying it was unfair for Berlin to try to distribute migrants across EU member states.
“This could be an island, it could be a coastal area in North Africa, but the security and supplies of that area must be guaranteed by the EU in its own interest,” Mr. Orban said in an interview published on Thursday, September 22.
“Those who came illegally must be rounded up and shipped out,” he said.
“We must set up large refugee camps outside the EU, with armed security and financial support provided by the Union. Everyone who came illegally must return there. There they can file for asylum,” he added.
…Prime Minister Orban has ordered the construction of a razor wire fence along Hungary’s southern border and has said he would refuse to take the share of refugees Hungary is obliged to accept under EU law. [According to Der Spiegel, almost 70 percent of Hungarians support Mr. Orban’s actions.]
His government is sponsoring a referendum to be held on October 2 on whether Hungary should reject EU quotas to resettle migrants among member states.
Hungarian media have reported that he may push for fundamental amendments to the Lisbon Treaty if a large majority of Hungarians back him in the referendum.
Some other European governments accuse him of flouting both EU law and fundamental European values:
- On Wednesday, Nordic countries Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden co-signed a letter expressing their “great concern” at Budapest’s refusal to act by the Dublin rules, under which refugees must seek asylum in the first EU country they enter. They called on the EU migration commissioner, to “take measures” promptly against Budapest’s violation of EU law.
- Earlier this month Jean Asselborn, Luxembourg’s foreign minister, said Hungary should be suspended from the European Union for violating democratic core values and treating refugees like “animals”.
- Austria has also threatened to bring a case against its neighbor in the European courts. …
SWITZERLAND – Voters overwhelmingly back new surveillance law
(Agence France-Presse) GENEVA — Swiss voters approved a new surveillance law on Sunday, in a victory for the government which argued the security services needed enhanced powers in an increasingly volatile world.
The proposed law won 65.5 percent support across the wealthy alpine nation, final results showed.
Swiss Defence Minister Guy Parmelin (L-R), Interior Minister Alain Berset and Energy Minister Doris Leuthard attend a news conference following the vote results in Bern September 25, 2016.
Switzerland’s police and intelligence agencies have had limited investigative tools compared to other developed countries: phone tapping and email surveillance were previously banned, regardless of the circumstances.
But the new law will change that.
The government insisted it was not aiming to set up a vast data-gathering apparatus…. “This is not generalized surveillance,” lawmaker and Christian Democratic Party vice president Yannick Buttet told public broadcaster RTS as results were coming in. “It’s letting the intelligence services do their job,” he added.
Swiss defense minister Guy Parmelin…insisted the Swiss system was not comparable “to the United States or other major powers,” who have struggled to find the right balance between privacy and security.
How it would work: Phone or electronic surveillance of a suspect will only be triggered with approval by a federal court, the defense ministry and the cabinet, according to the law.
Bern [the Swiss government] has said these measures would be used only a dozen times a year, to monitor only the highest-priority suspects, especially those implicated in terrorism-related cases.
The law was approved by parliament in 2015, but an alliance of opponents, including from the Socialist and Green parties, got enough signatures to force Sunday’s referendum.
The poll was part of Switzerland’s direct democracy system, in which votes are held on a wide range of national issues four times a year, and even more frequently at regional and municipal levels.
Just 43 percent of voters took part in Sunday’s poll, a slightly lower mark than recent referenda when flashpoint issues like immigration were on the ballot.
Overshadowing the vote was a scandal dating back to 1989 and the dying days of the Cold War, when Swiss citizens learned that the security services had opened files on 900,000 individuals, detailing their political and trade union affiliations.
The revelations sparked outrage in a country where people fiercely guard their privacy, and led to significant curbs on police intelligence measures.
But the vote highlighted how public attitudes had shifted, with the law’s proponents invoking the string of recent terror attacks across Europe — including in Brussels, Nice and Paris. …
JORDAN – Jordanian writer charged for sharing cartoon on FB shot dead at court
(Agence France-Presse) AMMAN — A prominent Jordanian writer was shot dead Sunday on the steps of a court where he was facing charges for sharing a cartoon on Facebook that was offensive to Muslims.
Nahed Hattar was struck by three bullets before the alleged assassin was arrested at the scene of the shooting in Amman’s central Abdali district.
A photo of Jordanian writer Nahed Hattar, who was shot dead on Sunday in front of the Court of Justice in the Jordanian capital Amman. (Photo: European Pressphoto Agency)
The assailant — bearded and dressed in a grey dishdasha worn by conservative Muslim men — shot Hattar, a 56-year-old Christian, as he made his way up the steps outside the court, a security source told AFP.
Hit in the head, Hattar was pronounced dead on arrival at hospital, the source said.
The gunman, a 49-year-old resident of the capital, gave himself up to police at the court, the source added. Media reports said he was a former preacher in an Amman mosque.
A judicial source later said the assailant was remanded for 15 days and charged with premeditated murder, meaning he could face the death penalty if convicted.
The suspect, an education ministry employee, had acted alone and was not linked to any “terrorist” group, a source close to his interrogation said, asking not to be named.
Mohammad al-Jaghbir, Hattar’s friend, told AFP he had witnessed the killing. “We were climbing the steps when a bearded man… got a pistol out of a bag he was carrying and fired at Nahed Hattar,” he said.
Hattar’s family said the writer had no protection despite having asked for it after receiving death threats on Facebook and by phone.
Hattar was a political commentator known for his antipathy towards Islamists including Jordan’s Muslim Brotherhood and also his support for Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
The cartoon Hattar posted on his Facebook page featured an illustration of God under the title “God of Daesh”, using an Arabic acronym for the Islamic State group. …
Any depiction of God is prohibited in Islam.
Hattar removed the cartoon after it triggered outrage on social media.
At the time, he explained on Facebook that the cartoon made fun of “terrorists and how they imagine God and heaven, and does not insult God in any way.”
He was arrested on August 13 and charged with inciting sectarian strife and insulting Islam, before being released on bail in early September.
The attorney general had imposed a blackout on media coverage of the case against Hattar…
(The news briefs above are from wire reports and staff reports posted at London’s Daily Telegraph on Sept. 22, Agence France-Presse [AFP] on Sept. 25 and September 26.)
Questions
1. For each of the 3 countries, give the following information:
- capital
- location/the countries that share its borders
- the religious breakdown of the population
- the type of government
- the chief of state (and head of government if different) If monarch or dictator, since what date has he/she ruled? – include name of heir apparent for monarch
- the population
Find the answers at the CIA World FactBook website. For each country, answers can be found under the “Geography” “People” and “Government” headings.
NOTE to students: Before answering the questions below, read the information under “Background.”
2. For HUNGARY:
a) list the who, what, where and when of the news item
b) What percent of Hungarians support Prime Minister Orban’s handling of the migrant crisis in their country?
c) On Saturday, two Hungarian police officers were seriously injured in a bomb attack in Budapest. Prime Minister Orban opposes the EU’s handling of the migration crisis and has said in the past that the link between migration and terrorism is as “plain as day.”
In September 2015, Prime Minister Orbán said Europe is in the grip of madness over immigration and refugees, and argued that he was defending European Christianity against a Muslim influx. He wrote,
“Everything which is now taking place before our eyes threatens to have explosive consequences for the whole of Europe. Europe’s response is madness. We must acknowledge that the European Union’s misguided immigration policy is responsible for this situation. Irresponsibility is the mark of every European politician who holds out the promise of a better life to immigrants and encourages them to leave everything behind and risk their lives in setting out for Europe. If Europe does not return to the path of common sense, it will find itself laid low in a battle for its fate.”
Prime Minister Orban also said, ”Those arriving have been raised in another religion, and represent a radically different culture. Most of them are not Christians, but Muslims… This is an important question, because Europe and the European identity is rooted in Christianity.
Do you think it is wrong to say that you want to protect the culture of your country? Explain your answer.
CHALLENGE: Read the commentary “Eastern Europe: The Last Barrier between Christianity and Islam” which includes the following:
Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán is the Eastern nemesis of the European elite. No one else in Europe except him speaks about defending “Christianity.”
“Those arriving have been raised in another religion, and represent a radically different culture. Most of them are not Christians, but Muslims… This is an important question, because Europe and the European identity is rooted in Christianity.” — Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán.
The last chance to save Europe’s roots might well come from the former communist members of the EU — those who defeated the Ottomans in 1699 and now feel culturally threatened by their heirs.
Do you agree with the assertions made by the writer? Why or why not?
3. For SWITZERLAND:
a) list the who, what, where and when of the news item
b) What percent of Swiss voters approved the law?
c) How did Yannick Buttet defend the new law?
d) Why did citizens have to vote on the law passed approved by parliament in 2015?
e) Rights group Amnesty International said it regretted Sunday’s result, arguing that the new law will allow “disproportionate” levels of surveillance and that it posed “a threat… to freedom of expression.”
Lawmaker Buttet argued that Switzerland’s handcuffed intelligence agencies had become too reliant on help from other nations because they were deprived of using the full range of modern investigative tools.
With whom do you agree? Explain your answer.
4. For JORDAN:
a) list the who, what, where and when of the news item
b) Why was Mr. Hattar murdered?
c) Read the “Background” below and watch the video under “Resources.” Why was Mr. Hattar facing charges in court?
d) Are you surprised by the Prime Minister’s order? Explain your answer.
Background
JORDAN
- Although he had removed the cartoon and explained he was not trying to offend Muslims but rather make fund of terrorists, Jordanian Prime Minister Hani al-Malki had ordered Interior Minister Salam Hammad to summon the writer and to initiate legal proceedings against him.
- On Sunday Hattar’s brother Majed, who accompanied him to his trial, blamed the government for his death.
- “We hold the prime minister, the minister of the interior and the security services responsible for Nahed’s killing,” Majed said.
- “Nahed Hattar was killed in cold blood in front of the highest institution of justice in Jordan.”
- The government denounced the killing as “heinous” and said the law would be “firmly applied to the person who committed the crime”.
- The opposition Muslim Brotherhood and Dar al-Iftaa, the highest religious authority, also condemned the attack.
- Jordan is a leading member of the US-led coalition fighting IS in neighbouring Iraq and Syria, and was targeted in a June 21 suicide bombing that killed seven border guards.
- The kingdom has carried out air strikes targeting IS jihadists and also hosts coalition troops on its territory.
- In recent years, extremists have attacked other publications for publishing caricatures seen as insulting to Islam, including in Europe.
- In January 2015, jihadists killed 12 people, including eight staff, in an attack on the Paris offices of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, which published drawings purporting to show the Prophet Mohammed in 2006. (from the AFP article above)
Resources
HUNGARY
Watch a September 2015 video from the UK Guardian “Viktor Orbán attacks EU policy, saying the influx of Muslim refugees poses a threat to Europe’s Christian identity”
Daily “Answers” emails are provided for Daily News Articles, Tuesday’s World Events and Friday’s News Quiz.
