Large Russian Protests Get a Response

Daily News Article — Posted on December 13, 2011

(by Marc Bennetts, WashingtonTimes.com) MOSCOW – Russia’s president on Sunday ordered an investigation of electoral fraud in last week’s parliamentary elections after thousands of protesters rallied against the election results in the most massive demonstrations in the country’s post-Soviet history.

[President] Dmitry Medvedev announced the investigation on his Facebook account, which drew thousands of angry comments and criticisms from other users of the social-networking website.

In Moscow and other cities, hundreds of protesters on Sunday and tens of thousands on Saturday demonstrated against the election results, which gave the parliamentary victory to Prime Minister Vladimir Putin’s United Russia party, which was formed in 2001.

Widely seen as a steppingstone for Mr. Putin’s third presidential bid in March, the election drew heated opposition — and its results even more heated protests — from Russians apparently long outraged by the former Soviet republic’s widespread corruption and growing economic disparity.

Marchers make their way to Bolotnaya Square

“Things just reached a boiling point,” student protester Anton Titov, 20, told The Washington Times as some 50,000 people braved driving sleet to rally peacefully at downtown Moscow’s Bolotnaya Square on Saturday.

“I’d never been to a protest before, but after I saw what went on at the polls, I felt I had no choice but to join in,” said media professional Yevgeniya Akhmedzhanova. “I felt so insulted.”

Public criticism is new to Mr. Putin. State-run television channels, as prominent journalist Leonid Parfyonov noted last year, report on Russia’s leaders “like the dear departed.”

For a new generation of educated, well-traveled Russians, the unspoken deal the country made with Mr. Putin in the early 2000s — stability and relative prosperity in exchange for their silence — is no longer valid.

“They’ve been feeding us that for 12 years,” jailed opposition activist Alexei Navalny said in a letter that was read during the massive rally Saturday. “And we are sick of it. … It’s time to wake up from our slumber.”

“Russians are demanding respect for their basic rights,” said Anna Arutiunova, executive editor of the Russia Profile website. “Freedom of choice, the ability to gather and protest, respect for the law. … Before you start criticizing policy, you need to first fight for the ability to criticize.” …

…The 50,000 who flocked to downtown Moscow to chant “Putin out!” and “Give us back our elections!” were drawn from every walk of life. On Bolotnaya Square, pensioners mingled with teenagers and young families stood side-by-side with hardened opposition activists.

But while there is disagreement about how far the protests should go, there is a general consensus that now is the time to force some kind of a change.

“We don’t want revolution, and we don’t want blood. We have a good financial situation, but we understand that something has to change. If we lose this moment, it will never come again,” lawyer Dmitry Raiov said.

Mr. Putin, who was barred by the constitution from serving more than two presidential terms, handed over the presidency to his hand-picked successor, Mr. Medvedev, in 2008.

Recent changes to the constitution, pushed through the parliament by [Putin’s] United Russia [Party], would allow Mr. Putin to serve as president until 2024 if he is re-elected. [The Constitution was changed in 2008 to allow the president to serve two consecutive 6-year terms (it was changed from two consecutive 4-year terms).]

“When I heard that these guys are supposed to govern our country for 12 more years, I realized I wouldn’t know what I could say to my small daughter when she eventually asks me, ‘Why didn’t you do something?'” protester Ilya Fainberg said.

Russia’s opposition has called for new protests Dec. 24 if the Kremlin does not agree to new parliamentary elections.

But it’s unclear whether the opposition will be able to sustain the protests throughout the long, cold winter to come.

Still, for many in the crowd Saturday, the protest was simply confirmation that there are others willing to make public their opposition to Mr. Putin.

“This rally isn’t about what we are saying to the authorities,” Moscow student Ruslan Dudenkov said. “They don’t give a damn about us — yet. The most important things is what it says to other people, other protesters. We are telling them, ‘You are not alone.’ ”

Background

Vladimir Putin:

Vladimir Putin (born in 1952) was the second President of the Russian Federation and is the current Prime Minister of Russia, as well as chairman of United Russia and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Russia and Belarus.
Putin was an officer in the KGB (Russian secret police) from 1975-1992.
Putin became acting President on December 31, 1999, when president Boris Yeltsin resigned.
Putin won the 2000 presidential election and in 2004 he was re-elected for a second term lasting until May 7, 2008.
Due to constitutionally mandated term limits, Putin was ineligible to run for a third consecutive presidential term.
After the victory of his successor, Dmitry Medvedev, in the 2008 presidential elections, he was nominated by the latter to be Russia's Prime Minister; Putin took the post on May 8, 2008. (from wikipedia)

THE RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT:

In the Russian political system established by the 1993 constitution, the president wields considerable executive power.
There is no vice president, and the legislative branch is far weaker than the executive.
The bicameral legislature consists of the lower house (State Duma) and the upper house (the Federation Council).
The president nominates the highest state officials, including the prime minister, who must be approved by the Duma.
The president can pass decrees without consent from the Duma.
He also is head of the armed forces and of the Security Council. (from state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3183.htm#gov)

Russian National Elections:

From the Duma [legislature] elections held on December 2, 2007, and presidential elections on March 2, 2008, [Putin's] party United Russia won a constitutional majority (more than two-thirds) of the seats in the Duma.
[Election monitors] who observed the elections concluded that they were "not fair and failed to meet many [international] commitments and standards for democratic elections." They noted that the elections took place in an atmosphere which seriously limited political competition.
Frequent abuses of administrative resources, media coverage strongly in favor of United Russia, and the revised election code combined to hinder political pluralism.
Dmitriy Medvedev, running as United Russia's candidate, was elected to a 4-year term as President on March 2, 2008, with 70.28% of the vote.
The Russian constitution does not allow presidents to serve more than two consecutive terms.
A December 2008 law extended the terms of Duma deputies from 4 to 5 years and presidential terms from 4 to 6 years.
The new terms take effect with the next elections, which for the Duma are scheduled to occur on December 4, 2011 and for president in March 2012. (from state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3183.htm#gov)

On this month's Duma elections:

United Russia, chaired by Prime Minister Putin, is Russia's ruling party and has dominated national and regional legislatures for almost a decade.
Before the Dec. 4 election, the party controlled 315 of the 450 seats in the Duma, which gave it the two-thirds majority it needed to pass changes to the Russian constitution if required.
United Russia is unflinching in its support of the Kremlin, and of Mr. Putin personally.
Prime Minister Putin has accepted the party's nomination to run for president in the March 2012 elections, while the current president, Dmitry Medvedev, has agreed to be the party's top parliamentary candidate.
Mr. Medvedev is expected to take over as prime minister after the presidential election in March 2012, in what is effectively a job swap with Mr Putin. (from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-15939801)
On Dec. 11, 2011, President Medvedev ordered an investigation into the allegations of electoral fraud during last week's parliamentary vote. The announcement came a day after tens of thousands of people rallied in Moscow and other cities to demand the December 4 election won by Prime Minister Putin's ruling United Russia party be annulled and rerun.